Dermoscopic features of melasma: a descriptive study in Bali

Ketut Kwartantaya Winaya; Pande Agung Mahariski; I Gusti Ayu Agung Praharsini; I Gusti Ayu Sattwika Pramita

doi:10.15562/bmj.v12i3.4839

Dermoscopic features of melasma: a descriptive study in Bali

Ketut Kwartantaya Winaya ,

Pande Agung Mahariski ,

I Gusti Ayu Agung Praharsini ,

I Gusti Ayu Sattwika Pramita ,

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v12i3.4839 |
Published: 2023-10-13

Abstract

Background: Dermoscopy or dermatoscopy is a noninvasive diagnostic tool in dermatology that identifies the pattern in pigmented lesions such as melasma. Several features commonly found in melasma include brown or gray pigmentation, pigment network, telangiectasis and sparing of follicles and sweat gland openings. This study aimed to describe the dermoscopic features of melasma in Balinese patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted by Prof. dr. I G. N. G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Bali, using a secondary source in August 2023. Subjects selected with total sampling from the database in January 2021 to July 2023 at Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Polyclinic who were diagnosed with Melasma. Characteristics obtained were Fitzpatrick skin type, occupation, contraceptive usage, lesion distributions and dermoscopic features using Dermlite DL4 polarized mode on both check and malar area. Data was analyzed descriptively using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.

Results: A total of 23 females with melasma were included in this study. The subjects were mainly Fitzpatrick skin type IV (74%), occupation in indoor activity (87%), not using oral contraceptives (96%), and symmetrical distribution (91%). The dermoscopic features obtained mainly were light brown (100%), irregular pigment network (87%), sparing of follicles and sweat glands opening (95.7%), and irregular pattern of telangiectasis (69.6%).

Conclusion: Using dermoscopy as a diagnostic tool for melasma can clarify the characteristics of melasma lesions in more detail. Further research is needed to determine the sensitivity of dermoscopic features and assess the success of treatment in melasma.

References

Piętowska Z, Nowicka D, Szepietowski JC. Understanding Melasma-How Can Pharmacology and Cosmetology Procedures and Prevention Help to Achieve Optimal Treatment Results? A Narrative Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(19):1–24.
Chuah S, Thng T. Diagnosis of melasma in brown skin: Wood’s lamp, dermoscopy, and confocal microscopy. In: Handog E, Enriquez-Macarayo M, editors. Melasma and Vitiligo in Brown Skin. New York: Springer; 2017. p. 41–9.
Suryantari SAA, Sweta NPTB, Veronica E, Hartawan IGNBRM, Karna NLPRV. Systematic review of melasma treatments: advantages and disadvantages. Bali Dermatology Venereol J. 2020;3(2):37–51.
Novarina RM, Rahmadewi, Sukanto H. The description of dermoscopy and Wood’s lamp on melasma. Period Dermatology Venereol. 2017;29(1):8–15.
Zulfa RA, Putra IB, Jusuf NK. Dermoscopic imaging of melasma on various skin colors. Bali Med J. 2022;11(2):676–9.
Gautam M, Patil S, Nadkarni N, Sandhu M, Godse K, Setia M. Histopathological comparison of lesional and perilesional skin in melasma: A cross‑sectional analysis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2019;85:367–73.
Rattananukrom T, Suchonwanit P, Thadanipon K, Vachiramon V. A Comparative Study of Dermatoscopic Features of Melasma and Hori’s Nevus in Asian Patients. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2022;15(3):16–20.
Phansuk K, Vachiramon V, Jurairattanaporn N, Chanprapaph K, Rattananukrom T. Dermal Pathology in Melasma: An Update Review. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2022;15(November 2021):11–9.
Rajanala S, De Castro Maymone MB, Vashi NA. Melasma pathogenesis: A review of the latest research, pathological findings, and investigational therapies. Dermatol Online J. 2019;25(10):1–6.
Espósito ACC, Cassiano DP, da Silva CN, Lima PB, Dias JAF, Hassun K, et al. Update on Melasma—Part I: Pathogenesis. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2022;12(9):1967–88.
Errichetti E, Ankad BS, Sonthalia S, Jha AK, Keshavamurthy V, Kyrgidis A, et al. Dermoscopy in general dermatology (non-neoplastic dermatoses) of skin of colour: a comparative retrospective study by the International Dermoscopy Society. Eur J Dermatology. 2020;30(6):688–98.
Errichetti E, Stinco G. Dermoscopy in General Dermatology: A Practical Overview. Vol. 6, Dermatology and Therapy. Springer Healthcare; 2016. 471–507 p.
Amrutha H, Rashmi A, Rajashekhar N, Biradar P. Melasma: a prospective study of clinico etiological and dermoscopic pattern in men. IJSRT. 2020;5(10):803–6.
Rosalina M, Simanungkalit R, Nasution LH. The Description of Wood’s Lamp and Dermoscopy on Patients suspected of Melasma in Adam Malik Hospital Medan. Int J Sci Res Publ. 2020;10(1):344–8.
B Amin V, Ali Shanavaz A, Bathina M, Pinto M, Shenoy M M. A clinical and dermatoscopic study of melasma. IP Indian J Clin Exp Dermatology. 2020;6(1):50–6.
Mahdalena, I., Jusuf, N. K., & Putra, I. B. Melasma characteristic in hormonal contraceptive acceptors at Kelurahan Mangga Kecamatan Medan Tuntungan, Medan-Indonesia. Bali Medical Journal. 2018;7(3):645-649.
Devi, A. K., Utomo, B., Indramaya, D. M., Listiawan, M. Y., Sawitri, Murtiastutik, D., & Prakoeswa, C. R. S. Profile of melasma patients in dermatology and venerology outpatient clinic Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Bali Medical Journal.2022;1(1): 166–173.
Ananda Zulfa, R., Imam Budi Putra, & Nelva Karmila Jusuf. (2022). Dermoscopic imaging of melasma on various skin colors. Bali Medical Journal. 2022;11(2): 676–679.

[1] Piętowska Z, Nowicka D, Szepietowski JC. Understanding Melasma-How Can Pharmacology and Cosmetology Procedures and Prevention Help to Achieve Optimal Treatment Results? A Narrative Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(19):1–24.

[2] Chuah S, Thng T. Diagnosis of melasma in brown skin: Wood’s lamp, dermoscopy, and confocal microscopy. In: Handog E, Enriquez-Macarayo M, editors. Melasma and Vitiligo in Brown Skin. New York: Springer; 2017. p. 41–9.

[3] Suryantari SAA, Sweta NPTB, Veronica E, Hartawan IGNBRM, Karna NLPRV. Systematic review of melasma treatments: advantages and disadvantages. Bali Dermatology Venereol J. 2020;3(2):37–51.

[4] Novarina RM, Rahmadewi, Sukanto H. The description of dermoscopy and Wood’s lamp on melasma. Period Dermatology Venereol. 2017;29(1):8–15.

[5] Zulfa RA, Putra IB, Jusuf NK. Dermoscopic imaging of melasma on various skin colors. Bali Med J. 2022;11(2):676–9.

[6] Gautam M, Patil S, Nadkarni N, Sandhu M, Godse K, Setia M. Histopathological comparison of lesional and perilesional skin in melasma: A cross‑sectional analysis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2019;85:367–73.

[7] Rattananukrom T, Suchonwanit P, Thadanipon K, Vachiramon V. A Comparative Study of Dermatoscopic Features of Melasma and Hori’s Nevus in Asian Patients. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2022;15(3):16–20.

[8] Phansuk K, Vachiramon V, Jurairattanaporn N, Chanprapaph K, Rattananukrom T. Dermal Pathology in Melasma: An Update Review. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2022;15(November 2021):11–9.

[9] Rajanala S, De Castro Maymone MB, Vashi NA. Melasma pathogenesis: A review of the latest research, pathological findings, and investigational therapies. Dermatol Online J. 2019;25(10):1–6.

[10] Espósito ACC, Cassiano DP, da Silva CN, Lima PB, Dias JAF, Hassun K, et al. Update on Melasma—Part I: Pathogenesis. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2022;12(9):1967–88.

[11] Errichetti E, Ankad BS, Sonthalia S, Jha AK, Keshavamurthy V, Kyrgidis A, et al. Dermoscopy in general dermatology (non-neoplastic dermatoses) of skin of colour: a comparative retrospective study by the International Dermoscopy Society. Eur J Dermatology. 2020;30(6):688–98.

[12] Errichetti E, Stinco G. Dermoscopy in General Dermatology: A Practical Overview. Vol. 6, Dermatology and Therapy. Springer Healthcare; 2016. 471–507 p.

[13] Amrutha H, Rashmi A, Rajashekhar N, Biradar P. Melasma: a prospective study of clinico etiological and dermoscopic pattern in men. IJSRT. 2020;5(10):803–6.

[14] Rosalina M, Simanungkalit R, Nasution LH. The Description of Wood’s Lamp and Dermoscopy on Patients suspected of Melasma in Adam Malik Hospital Medan. Int J Sci Res Publ. 2020;10(1):344–8.

[15] B Amin V, Ali Shanavaz A, Bathina M, Pinto M, Shenoy M M. A clinical and dermatoscopic study of melasma. IP Indian J Clin Exp Dermatology. 2020;6(1):50–6.

[16] Mahdalena, I., Jusuf, N. K., & Putra, I. B. Melasma characteristic in hormonal contraceptive acceptors at Kelurahan Mangga Kecamatan Medan Tuntungan, Medan-Indonesia. Bali Medical Journal. 2018;7(3):645-649.

[17] Devi, A. K., Utomo, B., Indramaya, D. M., Listiawan, M. Y., Sawitri, Murtiastutik, D., & Prakoeswa, C. R. S. Profile of melasma patients in dermatology and venerology outpatient clinic Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Bali Medical Journal.2022;1(1): 166–173.

[18] Ananda Zulfa, R., Imam Budi Putra, & Nelva Karmila Jusuf. (2022). Dermoscopic imaging of melasma on various skin colors. Bali Medical Journal. 2022;11(2): 676–679.

Dermoscopic features of melasma: a descriptive study in Bali

Abstract

References

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