Phytochemical screening and evaluation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity of fermented honey-garlic in hypothyroidism rats

Devyana Dyah Wulandari; Devyani Diah  Wulansari; Andreas Putro Ragil  Santoso; Ary  Andini; Ersalina  Nidianti; Rahayu  Anggraini; Alfian Hendra  Krisnawan; Firdaus; Mahestinnisa Mutiara  Firdaus; Mun’im  Azaki

doi:10.15562/bmj.v12i2.4286

Phytochemical screening and evaluation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity of fermented honey-garlic in hypothyroidism rats

Devyana Dyah Wulandari ,

Devyani Diah Wulansari ,

Andreas Putro Ragil Santoso ,

Ary Andini ,

Ersalina Nidianti ,

Rahayu Anggraini ,

Alfian Hendra Krisnawan ,

Firdaus ,

Mahestinnisa Mutiara Firdaus ,

Mun’im Azaki ,

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v12i2.4286 |
Published: 2023-06-16

Abstract

Introduction: Hypercholesterolemia is an indicator of atherosclerosis in blood vessels and is currently a top priority in overcoming health problems, especially non-communicable diseases in developed and developing countries. Thyroid hormones regulate various metabolic processes in the body including synthesis, mobilization, and lipid degradation. A lack of thyroid hormone in the body or called hypothyroidism will decrease the number of LDL receptors in the liver. This causes an increase in plasma LDL levels which also increases total cholesterol levels. Despite the lack of study, Fermented Honey-Garlic (FHG) is now widely developed for its high antioxidant activity. This study aims to determine the content of bioactive compounds in FHG by qualitative secondary metabolite testing and GC-MS analysis and to evaluate the activity of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in rats with hypothyroidism.

Method: Rats were grouped into 6 groups: positive control group induced by propylthiouracil (PTU) with a dose of 20 mg/day, negative control treated with distilled water, treatment group with a dose of FHG 0.2 g/kg BW (P1), treatment group with a dose of FHG 0.5 g/kg BW (P2), treatment group with a dose of FHG 1 g/kg BW (P3) and standard drug Simvastatin group with the dose 0,18 mg/day/200 g BW.

Results: Results showed that FHG contained flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, and statistical results showed that the significance value for G6PD activity was 0.014 (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that FHG administration yields a significant effect on G6PD levels.

References

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Liu H, Peng D. Update on dyslipidemia in hypothyroidism: the mechanism of dyslipidemia in hypothyroidism. Endocr Connect. 2022;11(2):e210002. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35015703
Susyanto BE, Puspita G, Suryanto. A 5-year-old child with hemolytic anemia caused by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: a case report. Bali Medical Journal. 2021;10(3 Special Issue):1178–80.
Dore MP, Parodi G, Portoghese M, Pes GM. The Controversial Role of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency on Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021;2021:5529256. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34007401
Georgakouli K, Fatouros IG, Draganidis D, Papanikolaou K, Tsimeas P, Deli CK, et al. Exercise in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: Harmful or Harmless? A Narrative Review. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019;2019:8060193. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31089417
Olas B. Honey and Its Phenolic Compounds as an Effective Natural Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases in Humans? Nutrients. 2020;12(2):283. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31973186
Dewi NPH, Ratnayanti IGAD, Arijana IGKN, Linawati NM. Effect of single clove garlic on clinical symptoms of photoaging in wistar rats exposed with UV-B. Bali Anatomy Journal. 2019;2(2):40–4. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.36675/baj.v2i2.28
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Wulandari DD, Risthanti RR, Sari EAP, Anisa H, Filia S. Phytochemical screening and toxicological evaluation using Brine Shrimp Lethality Tes (BSLT) of ethanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia L. Bali Medical Journal. 2022;11(2):561–5.
Fachriyah E, Kusrini D, Haryanto IB, Wulandari SMB, Lestari WI, Sumariyah S. Phytochemical Test, Determination of Total Phenol, Total Flavonoids and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract of Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam). Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi. 2020;23(8):290–4.
Wulandari DD, Risthanti RR, Sari EAP, Anisa H, Filia S. Phytochemical screening and toxicological evaluation using Brine Shrimp Lethality Tes (BSLT) of ethanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia L. Bali Medical Journal. 2022;11(2):561–5. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v11i2.3119
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Wulansari DD, Wulandari DD, Krisdayanti A. .Comparative Study Of InVitro Toxicity Of Pure Honey And Fermented Honey Using The BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) Method. Register: Medical Technology and Public Health Journal. 2022;6(2):148–56.
Kar A, Panda S, Singh M, Biswas S. Regulation of PTU-induced hypothyroidism in rats by caffeic acid primarily by activating thyrotropin receptors and by inhibiting oxidative stress. Phytomedicine Plus. 2022;2(3):100298. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phyplu.2022.100298
Bengü AŞ, Temel Y, Ciftci M. The Effect of Rosa Pisiformis (Christ) D.Sosn on Some Metabolic Enzyme Activities in STZ Applied Diabetic Rats Effect of astaxanthin and aluminum chloride on erythrocyte G6PD and 6PGD enzyme activities in vivo and on erythrocyte G6PD in vitro in rats View project. Article in Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology. 2021; Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357015848
Combarros-Fuertes P, Estevinho LM, Dias LG, Castro JM, Tomás-Barberán FA, Tornadijo ME, et al. Bioactive Components and Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Different Varieties of Honey: A Screening Prior to Clinical Application. J Agric Food Chem. 2018;67(2):688–98. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05436

[1] Duntas LH, Brenta G. A Renewed Focus on the Association Between Thyroid Hormones and Lipid Metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018;9:511. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30233497

[2] Liu H, Peng D. Update on dyslipidemia in hypothyroidism: the mechanism of dyslipidemia in hypothyroidism. Endocr Connect. 2022;11(2):e210002. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35015703

[3] Susyanto BE, Puspita G, Suryanto. A 5-year-old child with hemolytic anemia caused by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: a case report. Bali Medical Journal. 2021;10(3 Special Issue):1178–80.

[4] Dore MP, Parodi G, Portoghese M, Pes GM. The Controversial Role of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency on Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021;2021:5529256. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34007401

[5] Georgakouli K, Fatouros IG, Draganidis D, Papanikolaou K, Tsimeas P, Deli CK, et al. Exercise in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: Harmful or Harmless? A Narrative Review. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019;2019:8060193. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31089417

[6] Olas B. Honey and Its Phenolic Compounds as an Effective Natural Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases in Humans? Nutrients. 2020;12(2):283. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31973186

[7] Dewi NPH, Ratnayanti IGAD, Arijana IGKN, Linawati NM. Effect of single clove garlic on clinical symptoms of photoaging in wistar rats exposed with UV-B. Bali Anatomy Journal. 2019;2(2):40–4. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.36675/baj.v2i2.28

[8] Susanti Y, Adriani M, Adi AC. Effect of Single Clove Garlic Extract (Allium Sativum Linn) on Blood Sugar Levels, Malondialdehyde, Insulin Levels and Insulin Resistance (Experiments in Rats (Rattus Novergicus) Induced by Streptozotocin. STRADA Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan. 2020;9(2):954–63. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v9i2.411

[9] Wulandari DD, Risthanti RR, Sari EAP, Anisa H, Filia S. Phytochemical screening and toxicological evaluation using Brine Shrimp Lethality Tes (BSLT) of ethanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia L. Bali Medical Journal. 2022;11(2):561–5.

[10] Fachriyah E, Kusrini D, Haryanto IB, Wulandari SMB, Lestari WI, Sumariyah S. Phytochemical Test, Determination of Total Phenol, Total Flavonoids and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract of Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam). Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi. 2020;23(8):290–4.

[11] Wulandari DD, Risthanti RR, Sari EAP, Anisa H, Filia S. Phytochemical screening and toxicological evaluation using Brine Shrimp Lethality Tes (BSLT) of ethanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia L. Bali Medical Journal. 2022;11(2):561–5. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v11i2.3119

[12] Priamsari MR, Yuniawati NA. Skrining Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Ekstrak Etanolik Morinda Citrifolia L. pada Kulit Kelinci (Oryctolagus Cuniculus). Jurnal Farmasi (Journal of Pharmacy). 2019;8(1, Oktober):22–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.37013/jf.v1i8.76

[13] Wulansari DD, Wulandari DD, Krisdayanti A. .Comparative Study Of InVitro Toxicity Of Pure Honey And Fermented Honey Using The BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) Method. Register: Medical Technology and Public Health Journal. 2022;6(2):148–56.

[14] Kar A, Panda S, Singh M, Biswas S. Regulation of PTU-induced hypothyroidism in rats by caffeic acid primarily by activating thyrotropin receptors and by inhibiting oxidative stress. Phytomedicine Plus. 2022;2(3):100298. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phyplu.2022.100298

[15] Bengü AŞ, Temel Y, Ciftci M. The Effect of Rosa Pisiformis (Christ) D.Sosn on Some Metabolic Enzyme Activities in STZ Applied Diabetic Rats Effect of astaxanthin and aluminum chloride on erythrocyte G6PD and 6PGD enzyme activities in vivo and on erythrocyte G6PD in vitro in rats View project. Article in Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology. 2021; Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357015848

[16] Combarros-Fuertes P, Estevinho LM, Dias LG, Castro JM, Tomás-Barberán FA, Tornadijo ME, et al. Bioactive Components and Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Different Varieties of Honey: A Screening Prior to Clinical Application. J Agric Food Chem. 2018;67(2):688–98. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05436

Phytochemical screening and evaluation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity of fermented honey-garlic in hypothyroidism rats

Abstract

References

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