Antioxidant activity of Tinospora crispa extracted with different ethanol solvents

Renny Novi  Puspitasari; Sri Agus Sudjarwo; Agung  Pranoto; Achmad  Basori

doi:10.15562/bmj.v11i3.3467

Antioxidant activity of Tinospora crispa extracted with different ethanol solvents

Renny Novi Puspitasari ,

Sri Agus Sudjarwo ,

Agung Pranoto ,

Achmad Basori ,

pdf |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v11i3.3467 |
Published: 2022-09-09

Abstract

Introduction: Tinospora crispa (T. crispa) is an herbaceous plant that commonly grows wild in tropical regions of South East Asian countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. In Indonesia, this plant is well known to be used as a traditional medicine to treat gout, diabetes, hypertension, rheumatic, fever, and appetite stimulant. Researches worldwide indicate that T. crispa poses several pharmacological properties. One of those is the antioxidant activity, acting as a free radical scavenger. The objective of this study was to determine the antioxidative properties of T. crispa and to compare the different ethanol solvents used for extraction.

Methods: The amount of 300 g T. crispa powder was extracted using 70%, 80%, and 96% ethanol. The spectrophotometry method is used to assess the total flavonoid and polyphenol contents as well athe s DPPH assay.

Results: The 80% ethanol had the highest flavonoid content 0.090% ± [0.453%], while 96% ethanol indicated the lowest 0.038% ± [3.090%]. In the case of phenolic content, 96% ethanol showed the highest result 0.521 ± [11.341%]. However, this value was relatively comparable with the other solvents. The highest DPPH activity was shown by 80% ethanol 6.46 mg ± [3.04 mg].

Conclusion: Despite low in the concentration, flavonoid and polyphenol content was successfully determined from T. crispa by using different ethanol solvents. Based on the result of antioxidants concentration and activity, 80% ethanol is the most ideal solvent to be used for extraction of T. crispa.

References

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Sadowska-Bartosz I, Bartosz G. Effect of antioxidants supplementation on aging and longevity. Biomed Res Int. 2014;
Kurutas EB. The importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular response against oxidative/nitrosative stress: Current state. Nutrition Journal. 2016.
Xu DP, Li Y, Meng X, Zhou T, Zhou Y, Zheng J, et al. Natural antioxidants in foods and medicinal plants: Extraction, assessment and resources. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017.
Škrovánková S, Mišurcová L, Machů L. Antioxidant Activity and Protecting Health Effects of Common Medicinal Plants. In: Advances in Food and Nutrition Research. 2012.
Ahmad W, Jantan I, Bukhari SNA. Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson: A review of its ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological aspects. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2016.
Fern K. Tropical Plants Database. tropical.theferns.info. 2016.
Irianti T, Puspitasari A, Suryani E. Aktivitas Penangkapan Radikal 2 , 2-Difenil-1-Pikrilhidrazil (Tinospora crispa ( L .) Miers ) dan Fraksi-fraksinya. Maj Obat Tradis. 2011;
Irianti T, Puspitasari A, Suryani E. THE ACTIVITY OF RADICAL SCAVENGING OF 2,2-DIPHENYL-1-PYCRILHYDRAZIL BY ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF (Tinospora crispa (L.) Miers) STEM AND ITS FRACTIONS. Maj Obat Tradis. 2015;
Haque MA, Jantan I, Harikrishnan H, Ahmad W. Standardized ethanol extract of Tinospora crispa upregulates pro-inflammatory mediators release in LPS-primed U937 human macrophages through stimulation of MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K-Akt signaling networks. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020;
Mutiah R, Azizah LN, Annisa R, Listyana A. PROFILE OF ANTICANCER ACTIVITIES OF BROTOWALI (Tinospora crispa L.) PLANTS OFVARIOUS REGIONS IN EAST JAWA. J Pharm Sci Community. 2020;
Sharif AA, Unyah NZ, Nordin N, Basir R, Wana MN, Alapid Ahmad A, et al. Susceptibility of Toxoplasma gondii to Ethanolic Extract of Tinospora crispa in Vero Cells. Evidence-based Complement Altern Med. 2019;
Harwoko H, Choironi NA. QUALITY STANDARDIZATION OF BROTOWALI (Tinospora crispa) STEM EXTRACT. Maj Obat Tradis. 2016;
Warsinah, Baroroh HN, Harwoko. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of brotowali (Tinospora crispa l. mier) stem. Molekul. 2020;
Abood WN, Fahmi I, Abdulla MA, Ismail S. Immunomodulatory effect of an isolated fraction from Tinospora crispa on intracellular expression of INF-γ, IL-6 and IL-8. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014;
Zulkefli HN, Mohamad J, Abidin NZ. Antioxidant activity of methanol extract of tinospora crispa and tabernaemontana corymbosa. Sains Malaysiana. 2013;
Mj I, Wmz WI, Ahh N, Z NA, Sar SS, Ga F. Anti-proliperative and antioxidant effects of T inospora crispa ( Batawali ). Biomed Res. 2011;
Tuekaew J, Siriwatanametanon N, Wongkrajang Y, Temsiririrkkul R, Jantan I. Evaluation of the antioxidant activities of Ya-hom intajak, A thai herbal formulation, and its component plants. Trop J Pharm Res. 2014;
Paraste L, Ghatuary SK, Dubey G. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS ANDIN VITRO SCREENING FOR ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIDIABETIC PROPERTIES OF TINOSPORA CRISPA LEAVES. Asian J Pharm Educ Res. 2020;
Sulaiman FA, Fuad N, Rahman F, Iqbal A, Darnis DS. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Tinospora crispa (putarwali) stems methanolic extract. J Teknol. 2016;
Stalikas CD. Extraction, separation, and detection methods for phenolic acids and flavonoids. Journal of Separation Science. 2007.
Robbins RJ. Phenolic acids in foods: An overview of analytical methodology. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2003.
Gai F, Peiretti PG, Karamać M, Amarowicz R. Changes in the total polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacities of perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) plant extracts during the growth cycle. J Food Qual. 2017;2017.
CARBONE F, PREUSS A, VOS RCH DE, D’AMICO E, PERROTTA G, BOVY AG, et al. Developmental, genetic and environmental factors affect the expression of flavonoid genes, enzymes and metabolites in strawberry fruits*. Plant Cell Environ. 2009 Aug;32(8):1117–31.
Manurung H, Kustiawan W, Wijaya Kusuma I, Hetty Manurung C. Total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of tabat Barito (Ficus deltoidea Jack) on different plant organs and ages. ~ 120 ~ J Med Plants Stud. 2017;5(6):120–5.
Sembiring EN, Elya B, Sauriasari R. Phytochemical screening, total flavonoid and total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of different parts of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. Pharmacogn J. 2018 Jan;10(1):123–7.
Jiménez-Moreno N, Volpe F, Moler JA, Esparza I, Ancín-Azpilicueta C. Impact of extraction conditions on the phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of grape stem extracts. Antioxidants. 2019;
Putnik P, Kovačević DB, Radojčin M, Dragović-Uzelaca V. Influence of acidity and extraction time on the recovery of flavonoids from grape skin pomace optimized by response surface methodology. Chem Biochem Eng Q. 2016;
Krygier K, Sosulski F, Hogge L. Free, Esterified, and Insoluble-Bound Phenolic Acids. 2. Composition of Phenolic Acids in Rapeseed Flour and Hulls. J Agric Food Chem. 1982;
Shahidi F, Zhong Y. Measurement of antioxidant activity. J Funct Foods. 2015 Oct;18:757–81.

[1] Halliwell B. Free radicals and antioxidants: Updating a personal view. Nutr Rev. 2012;

[2] Sadowska-Bartosz I, Bartosz G. Effect of antioxidants supplementation on aging and longevity. Biomed Res Int. 2014;

[3] Kurutas EB. The importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular response against oxidative/nitrosative stress: Current state. Nutrition Journal. 2016.

[4] Xu DP, Li Y, Meng X, Zhou T, Zhou Y, Zheng J, et al. Natural antioxidants in foods and medicinal plants: Extraction, assessment and resources. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017.

[5] Škrovánková S, Mišurcová L, Machů L. Antioxidant Activity and Protecting Health Effects of Common Medicinal Plants. In: Advances in Food and Nutrition Research. 2012.

[6] Ahmad W, Jantan I, Bukhari SNA. Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson: A review of its ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological aspects. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2016.

[7] Fern K. Tropical Plants Database. tropical.theferns.info. 2016.

[8] Irianti T, Puspitasari A, Suryani E. Aktivitas Penangkapan Radikal 2 , 2-Difenil-1-Pikrilhidrazil (Tinospora crispa ( L .) Miers ) dan Fraksi-fraksinya. Maj Obat Tradis. 2011;

[9] Irianti T, Puspitasari A, Suryani E. THE ACTIVITY OF RADICAL SCAVENGING OF 2,2-DIPHENYL-1-PYCRILHYDRAZIL BY ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF (Tinospora crispa (L.) Miers) STEM AND ITS FRACTIONS. Maj Obat Tradis. 2015;

[10] Haque MA, Jantan I, Harikrishnan H, Ahmad W. Standardized ethanol extract of Tinospora crispa upregulates pro-inflammatory mediators release in LPS-primed U937 human macrophages through stimulation of MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K-Akt signaling networks. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020;

[11] Mutiah R, Azizah LN, Annisa R, Listyana A. PROFILE OF ANTICANCER ACTIVITIES OF BROTOWALI (Tinospora crispa L.) PLANTS OFVARIOUS REGIONS IN EAST JAWA. J Pharm Sci Community. 2020;

[12] Sharif AA, Unyah NZ, Nordin N, Basir R, Wana MN, Alapid Ahmad A, et al. Susceptibility of Toxoplasma gondii to Ethanolic Extract of Tinospora crispa in Vero Cells. Evidence-based Complement Altern Med. 2019;

[13] Harwoko H, Choironi NA. QUALITY STANDARDIZATION OF BROTOWALI (Tinospora crispa) STEM EXTRACT. Maj Obat Tradis. 2016;

[14] Warsinah, Baroroh HN, Harwoko. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of brotowali (Tinospora crispa l. mier) stem. Molekul. 2020;

[15] Abood WN, Fahmi I, Abdulla MA, Ismail S. Immunomodulatory effect of an isolated fraction from Tinospora crispa on intracellular expression of INF-γ, IL-6 and IL-8. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014;

[16] Zulkefli HN, Mohamad J, Abidin NZ. Antioxidant activity of methanol extract of tinospora crispa and tabernaemontana corymbosa. Sains Malaysiana. 2013;

[17] Mj I, Wmz WI, Ahh N, Z NA, Sar SS, Ga F. Anti-proliperative and antioxidant effects of T inospora crispa ( Batawali ). Biomed Res. 2011;

[18] Tuekaew J, Siriwatanametanon N, Wongkrajang Y, Temsiririrkkul R, Jantan I. Evaluation of the antioxidant activities of Ya-hom intajak, A thai herbal formulation, and its component plants. Trop J Pharm Res. 2014;

[19] Paraste L, Ghatuary SK, Dubey G. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS ANDIN VITRO SCREENING FOR ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIDIABETIC PROPERTIES OF TINOSPORA CRISPA LEAVES. Asian J Pharm Educ Res. 2020;

[20] Sulaiman FA, Fuad N, Rahman F, Iqbal A, Darnis DS. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Tinospora crispa (putarwali) stems methanolic extract. J Teknol. 2016;

[21] Stalikas CD. Extraction, separation, and detection methods for phenolic acids and flavonoids. Journal of Separation Science. 2007.

[22] Robbins RJ. Phenolic acids in foods: An overview of analytical methodology. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2003.

[23] Gai F, Peiretti PG, Karamać M, Amarowicz R. Changes in the total polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacities of perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) plant extracts during the growth cycle. J Food Qual. 2017;2017.

[24] CARBONE F, PREUSS A, VOS RCH DE, D’AMICO E, PERROTTA G, BOVY AG, et al. Developmental, genetic and environmental factors affect the expression of flavonoid genes, enzymes and metabolites in strawberry fruits*. Plant Cell Environ. 2009 Aug;32(8):1117–31.

[25] Manurung H, Kustiawan W, Wijaya Kusuma I, Hetty Manurung C. Total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of tabat Barito (Ficus deltoidea Jack) on different plant organs and ages. ~ 120 ~ J Med Plants Stud. 2017;5(6):120–5.

[26] Sembiring EN, Elya B, Sauriasari R. Phytochemical screening, total flavonoid and total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of different parts of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. Pharmacogn J. 2018 Jan;10(1):123–7.

[27] Jiménez-Moreno N, Volpe F, Moler JA, Esparza I, Ancín-Azpilicueta C. Impact of extraction conditions on the phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of grape stem extracts. Antioxidants. 2019;

[28] Putnik P, Kovačević DB, Radojčin M, Dragović-Uzelaca V. Influence of acidity and extraction time on the recovery of flavonoids from grape skin pomace optimized by response surface methodology. Chem Biochem Eng Q. 2016;

[29] Krygier K, Sosulski F, Hogge L. Free, Esterified, and Insoluble-Bound Phenolic Acids. 2. Composition of Phenolic Acids in Rapeseed Flour and Hulls. J Agric Food Chem. 1982;

[30] Shahidi F, Zhong Y. Measurement of antioxidant activity. J Funct Foods. 2015 Oct;18:757–81.

Antioxidant activity of Tinospora crispa extracted with different ethanol solvents

Abstract

References

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