Endorphine massage decreases cortisol during menstruation

Yurike Septianingrum; Nety Mawarda Hatmanti; Andikawati Fitriasari; Nur Ainiyah; Difran Nobel Bistara; Erika Martining Wardani

doi:10.15562/bmj.v11i2.3152

Endorphine massage decreases cortisol during menstruation

Yurike Septianingrum ,

Nety Mawarda Hatmanti ,

Andikawati Fitriasari ,

Nur Ainiyah ,

Difran Nobel Bistara ,

Erika Martining Wardani ,

pdf |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v11i2.3152 |
Published: 2022-08-05

Abstract

Introduction: Numerous relaxing techniques have been used with endorphin massage. There is not much proof that it affects blood cortisol levels, though. Therefore, this study set out to analyze the implementation of endorphin massage decrease cortisol during menstruation.

Methods: Cortisol data measured involving 46 respondents was obtained by taking venous blood and analyzed using the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay method. Data analysis used Paired and independent T-test to determine changes in cortisol levels before and after the implementation of endorphin massage and the mean difference between the endorphin massage group and the control group. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to examine the mean difference between the two groups compared to baseline.

Results: Based on previous research, this study found that age, weight, and age at menarche did not significantly affect cortisol levels during menstruation. The endorphin massage resulted in a drop in cortisol levels (p=0,0000), and there was a significant difference in mean between the two groups (p=0,0000). When compared to the starting point, blood cortisol levels in both groups were significantly lower (p=0,000).

Conclusion: This study has found that generally endorphin massage could reduce cortisol level in final year nursing students.

References

Katwal PC, Karki NR, Sharma P, Tamrakar SR. Dysmenorrhea and stress among the nepalese medical students. Kathmandu Univ Med J. 2016;14(56):318–21.
Bakhtshirin F, Abedi S, YusefiZoj P, Razmjooee D. The effect of aromatherapy massage with lavender oil on severity of primary dysmenorrhea in Arsanjan students. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 20(1):156–60.
Rafique N, Al-Sheikh MH. Prevalence of menstrual problems and their association with psychological stress in young female students studying health sciences. Saudi Med J. 2018;39(1):67–73.
Toprak Celenay S, Kavalci B, Karakus A, Alkan A. Effects of kinesio tape application on pain, anxiety, and menstrual complaints in women with primary dysmenorrhea: A randomized sham-controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020;39.
Ulya FH, Suwandono A, Ariyanti I, Suwondo A, Kumorowulan S, Pujiastuti SE. Comparison of Effects of Massage Therapy Alone and in Combination With Green Coconut Water Therapy on Β-Endorphin Level in Teenage Girls With Dysmenorrhea. Belitung Nurs J. 2017;3(4):412–9.
Choi JC, Chung MI, Lee YD. Modulation of pain sensation by stress-related testosterone and cortisol. Anaesthesia. 2012;67(10):1146–51.
Paananen M, O’Sullivan P, Straker L, Beales D, Coenen P, Karppinen J, et al. A low cortisol response to stress is associated with musculoskeletal pain combined with increased pain sensitivity in young adults: a longitudinal cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015;17(1):355.
Afiyah RK. Effectiveness of Endorphin Massage Against Anxiety The Face of Labor on Mother Primigravida In The Region of Clinics Jagir Surabaya. Proceeding Surabaya Int Heal Conf. 2017;1:317–24.
Hartati R, Rahayu AOS, Tanberika FS, Islami AP. Increasing the Comfortable Feel for Pregnant Women Through the Endorphin Massage. J Phys Conf Ser. 2019;1351(1).
Cahyani IA, Winarsih S, Arfiana A. The Effect of Endorphin Massage towards Decreasing Low Back Pain In Third Trimester Pregnant Women. Midwifery Nurs Res. 2020;2(1):41–5.
Rahayu A, Pertiwi S, Patimah S, Kunci K. Pengaruh Endorphine Massage Terhadap Rasa Sakit Dismenore Pada Mahasiswi Jurusan Kebidanan Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya Tahun 2017. Pengaruh Endorphine Massage Terhadap Rasa Sakit Dismenore Pada Mahasiswi Jur Kebidanan Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya Tahun 2017. 2017;3(02):22–30.
El-Farhan N, Rees DA, Evans C. Measuring cortisol in serum, urine and saliva – are our assays good enough? Vol. 54, Annals of Clinical Biochemistry. 2017. 308–322 p.
Papadimitriou A, Priftis KN. Regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2009;16(5):265–71.
Vagedes J, Fazeli A, Boening A, Helmert E, Berger B, Martin D. Efficacy of rhythmical massage in comparison to heart rate variability biofeedback in patients with dysmenorrhea—A randomized, controlled trial. Complement Ther Med. 2019;42(March 2018):438–44.
Bennett S, Bennett MJ, Chatchawan U, Jenjaiwit P, Pantumethakul R, Kunhasura S, et al. Acute effects of traditional Thai massage on cortisol levels, arterial blood pressure and stress perception in academic stress condition: A single blind randomised controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2016;20(2):286–92.
Smith CA, He L, Zhu X, Song J. Acupuncture for primary dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(3).
Marwiyah N, Pusporini LS. Package of Birthing Ball, Pelvic Rocking, and Endorphin Massage (Bpe) Decrease the First Step Labor Pain. Indones Nurs J Educ Clin. 2017;2(1):65.
Sari N, Soejoenoes A, Wahyuni S, Setiani O, Anwar C. the Effectiveness of Combination of Oxytocin and Endorphin Massage on Uterine Involution in Primiparous Mothers. Belitung Nurs J. 2017;3(5):569–76.
Hosseini E, Asadi N, Zareei F. Effect of Massage Therapy on Labor Progress and Plasma Levels of Cortisol in the Active Stage of First Labor. Zahedan J Res Med Sci. 2013;15(9):35–8.
Kartikasari RI, Nuryanti A. Pengaruh Endorphin Massage Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Punggung Ibu Hamil. Pros Semin Nas - Univ Muhammadiyah Semarang. 2016;(1):297–304.
Van Dijk W, Huizink AC, Müller J, Uvnäs-Moberg K, Ekström-Bergström A, Handlin L. The Effect of Mechanical Massage and Mental Training on Heart Rate Variability and Cortisol in Swedish Employees—A Randomized Explorative Pilot Study. Front Public Heal. 2020;8(March):1–7.
McCullough JEM, Liddle SD, Close C, Sinclair M, Hughes CM. Reflexology: A randomised controlled trial investigating the effects on beta-endorphin, cortisol and pregnancy related stress. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018;31:76–84.
Moyer CA, Seefeldt L, Mann ES, Jackley LM. Does massage therapy reduce cortisol? A comprehensive quantitative review. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2011;15(1):3–14.

[1] Katwal PC, Karki NR, Sharma P, Tamrakar SR. Dysmenorrhea and stress among the nepalese medical students. Kathmandu Univ Med J. 2016;14(56):318–21.

[2] Bakhtshirin F, Abedi S, YusefiZoj P, Razmjooee D. The effect of aromatherapy massage with lavender oil on severity of primary dysmenorrhea in Arsanjan students. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 20(1):156–60.

[3] Rafique N, Al-Sheikh MH. Prevalence of menstrual problems and their association with psychological stress in young female students studying health sciences. Saudi Med J. 2018;39(1):67–73.

[4] Toprak Celenay S, Kavalci B, Karakus A, Alkan A. Effects of kinesio tape application on pain, anxiety, and menstrual complaints in women with primary dysmenorrhea: A randomized sham-controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020;39.

[5] Ulya FH, Suwandono A, Ariyanti I, Suwondo A, Kumorowulan S, Pujiastuti SE. Comparison of Effects of Massage Therapy Alone and in Combination With Green Coconut Water Therapy on Β-Endorphin Level in Teenage Girls With Dysmenorrhea. Belitung Nurs J. 2017;3(4):412–9.

[6] Choi JC, Chung MI, Lee YD. Modulation of pain sensation by stress-related testosterone and cortisol. Anaesthesia. 2012;67(10):1146–51.

[7] Paananen M, O’Sullivan P, Straker L, Beales D, Coenen P, Karppinen J, et al. A low cortisol response to stress is associated with musculoskeletal pain combined with increased pain sensitivity in young adults: a longitudinal cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015;17(1):355.

[8] Afiyah RK. Effectiveness of Endorphin Massage Against Anxiety The Face of Labor on Mother Primigravida In The Region of Clinics Jagir Surabaya. Proceeding Surabaya Int Heal Conf. 2017;1:317–24.

[9] Hartati R, Rahayu AOS, Tanberika FS, Islami AP. Increasing the Comfortable Feel for Pregnant Women Through the Endorphin Massage. J Phys Conf Ser. 2019;1351(1).

[10] Cahyani IA, Winarsih S, Arfiana A. The Effect of Endorphin Massage towards Decreasing Low Back Pain In Third Trimester Pregnant Women. Midwifery Nurs Res. 2020;2(1):41–5.

[11] Rahayu A, Pertiwi S, Patimah S, Kunci K. Pengaruh Endorphine Massage Terhadap Rasa Sakit Dismenore Pada Mahasiswi Jurusan Kebidanan Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya Tahun 2017. Pengaruh Endorphine Massage Terhadap Rasa Sakit Dismenore Pada Mahasiswi Jur Kebidanan Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya Tahun 2017. 2017;3(02):22–30.

[12] El-Farhan N, Rees DA, Evans C. Measuring cortisol in serum, urine and saliva – are our assays good enough? Vol. 54, Annals of Clinical Biochemistry. 2017. 308–322 p.

[13] Papadimitriou A, Priftis KN. Regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2009;16(5):265–71.

[14] Vagedes J, Fazeli A, Boening A, Helmert E, Berger B, Martin D. Efficacy of rhythmical massage in comparison to heart rate variability biofeedback in patients with dysmenorrhea—A randomized, controlled trial. Complement Ther Med. 2019;42(March 2018):438–44.

[15] Bennett S, Bennett MJ, Chatchawan U, Jenjaiwit P, Pantumethakul R, Kunhasura S, et al. Acute effects of traditional Thai massage on cortisol levels, arterial blood pressure and stress perception in academic stress condition: A single blind randomised controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2016;20(2):286–92.

[16] Smith CA, He L, Zhu X, Song J. Acupuncture for primary dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(3).

[17] Marwiyah N, Pusporini LS. Package of Birthing Ball, Pelvic Rocking, and Endorphin Massage (Bpe) Decrease the First Step Labor Pain. Indones Nurs J Educ Clin. 2017;2(1):65.

[18] Sari N, Soejoenoes A, Wahyuni S, Setiani O, Anwar C. the Effectiveness of Combination of Oxytocin and Endorphin Massage on Uterine Involution in Primiparous Mothers. Belitung Nurs J. 2017;3(5):569–76.

[19] Hosseini E, Asadi N, Zareei F. Effect of Massage Therapy on Labor Progress and Plasma Levels of Cortisol in the Active Stage of First Labor. Zahedan J Res Med Sci. 2013;15(9):35–8.

[20] Kartikasari RI, Nuryanti A. Pengaruh Endorphin Massage Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Punggung Ibu Hamil. Pros Semin Nas - Univ Muhammadiyah Semarang. 2016;(1):297–304.

[21] Van Dijk W, Huizink AC, Müller J, Uvnäs-Moberg K, Ekström-Bergström A, Handlin L. The Effect of Mechanical Massage and Mental Training on Heart Rate Variability and Cortisol in Swedish Employees—A Randomized Explorative Pilot Study. Front Public Heal. 2020;8(March):1–7.

[22] McCullough JEM, Liddle SD, Close C, Sinclair M, Hughes CM. Reflexology: A randomised controlled trial investigating the effects on beta-endorphin, cortisol and pregnancy related stress. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018;31:76–84.

[23] Moyer CA, Seefeldt L, Mann ES, Jackley LM. Does massage therapy reduce cortisol? A comprehensive quantitative review. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2011;15(1):3–14.

Endorphine massage decreases cortisol during menstruation

Abstract

References

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