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Sleeve gastrectomy and pancreas omentoplasty improved β cell insulin expression and interleukin-1β serum level in non-obese diabetes mellitus rat

  • Erlangga Dimas ,
  • Abdul Mughni ,
  • Chemy Wiryawan ,
  • Vito Mahendra ,
  • Ignatius Riwanto ,


Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the health problems that is growing rapidly today. In Asia, majority of the population are non-obese with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Two main defects of T2DM, insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion due to reduced pancreatic β cells. Persistent metabolic stress due to hyperglycemic conditions, causes inflammation of the islets of Langerhans. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) signaling is the most frequent pathway inducing β cell dysfunction. The bariatric Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) procedure increases particular hormone which stimulates β cell growth and pancreatic insulin production. Aside from the role as a blood glucose regulator, insulin also plays a role in anti-inflammatory modulation. Omentoplasty can be used to wrap organ or tissue structures. The Omentum has unique biological functions, including promote tissue regeneration and anti-inflammatory effect. The study evaluates the effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy and pancreas Omentoplasty procedures on β cell insulin expression and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) serum levels in non-obese diabetes mellitus subjects.

Methods: Experimental study with "post-test control group design" on 27 rats with Diabetes Mellitus was divided into 3 groups: K (control), P1 (Sleeve Gastrectomy), P2 (Sleeve Gastrectomy + Omentoplasty). 10 days after procedure, we evaluated the insulin expression of β cells using monoclonal antibody anti-insulin stain and IL-1β serum levels using rat IL-1β Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Statistical analysis with Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney test. Correlation test with Spearman.

Results: β cell insulin expression increased in P2 (p=0.020), compared to control. While the IL-1β serum levels reduced significantly in all groups (p<0.001) compared to control. Moderate negative correlation (r = -0.476) between β cell insulin expression and IL-1β serum levels.

Conclusion: Sleeve gastrectomy and omentoplasty increased β cell insulin expression and decreased IL-1 β serum levels in non-obese rats with diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus insulin IL-1β omentoplasty sleeve gastrectomy.

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How to Cite

Dimas, E., Mughni, A., Wiryawan, C., Mahendra, V., & Riwanto, I. (2021). Sleeve gastrectomy and pancreas omentoplasty improved β cell insulin expression and interleukin-1β serum level in non-obese diabetes mellitus rat. Bali Medical Journal, 10(1), 460–466. https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v10i1.2258
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