Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer

Relationship between intake of fruits and vegetables toward hypertension among elderly in Yogyakarta

  • Alfan Ridha ,
  • Diffah Hanim ,
  • Suminah Suminah ,


Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension resembles a medical condition affecting mostly patients over 60 years. Hypertension might be influenced by antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory components contained in fruits and vegetables. Based on 2013 data, the prevalence of hypertension in the elderly in Indonesia was 25.8%. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake among geriatric hypertensive patients in the city of Yogyakarta.

Methods: Analytical observational study was designed with Cross-sectional type. The subjects of recent study were 138 elderly in integrated service post located in the area of Umbulharjo 1 and Umbulharjo 2 community health center in Yogyakarta City and selected by a multi-stage sampling technique. The consumption of fruits and vegetables measured by Semi-Qualitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24-hour recall, meanwhile blood pressure examination used mercury sphygmomanometer.

Results: Chi-Square test results showed a relationship between fruits consumed by elderly people and the prevalence of hypertension (p = 0.003) and vegetable intake in elderly significantly associated with the prevalence of hypertension (p = 0.032). The multivariate test results showed there were significant relationship regarding fruit intake with the prevalence of hypertension in elderly (OR = 1.82; p = 0.01).

Conclusion: Intake of fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of hypertension.

Keywords: Antioxidant anti-inflamatory blood pressure geriatric intake

References

  1. Berry SE, Mulla UZ, Chowienczyk PJ, Sanders TA. Increased potassium intake from fruit and vegetables or supplements does not lower blood pressure or improve vascular function in UK men and women with early hypertension: a randomised controlled trial. British journal of nutrition. 2010;104(12):1839-47. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114510 002904
  2. World Health Organization. A global brief on Hypertension: silent killer, global public health crises (World Health Day 2013). Geneva: WHO, 2013.
  3. Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Hipertensi Faktor Resiko Utama Penyakit Kardiovaskular. Jakarta : Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2009.
  4. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Pedoman Gizi Seimbang. Jakarta : Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2014.
  5. Gebrihet TA, Mesgna KH, Gebregiorgis YS, Kahsay AB, Weldehaweria NB, Weldu MG. Awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension is low among adults in Aksum town, northern Ethiopia: a sequential quantitative-qualitative study. PloS one. 2017;12(5):e0176904. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176904
  6. Tsubota-Utsugi M, Ohkubo T, Kikuya M, Metoki H, Kurimoto A, Suzuki K, Fukushima N, Hara A, Asayama K, Satoh H, Tsubono Y. High fruit intake is associated with a lower risk of future hypertension determined by home blood pressure measurement: the OHASAMA study. Journal of human hypertension. 2011;25(3):164. https://doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2010.48
  7. Indriani Y, Gizi dan Pangan. Aura: Bandar Lampung, 2015.
  8. Macready AL, George TW, Chong MF, Alimbetov DS, Jin Y, Vidal A, Spencer JP, Kennedy OB, Tuohy KM, Minihane AM, Gordon MH. Flavonoid-rich fruit and vegetables improve microvascular reactivity and inflammatory status in men at risk of cardiovascular disease—FLAVURS: a randomized controlled trial. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2014;99(3):479-89. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.074237
  9. Sumoprastowo RM. Memilih dan Menyimpan Sayur Mayur, Buah - Buahan dan Bahan Makanan. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2000.
  10. Badan Pusat Statistik. Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) Tahun 2010: Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, 2015.
  11. Medina-Remón A, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Arranz S, Ros E, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Sacanella E, Covas MI, Corella D, Salas-Salvadó J, Gómez-Gracia E, Ruiz-Gutiérrez V. Gazpacho consumption is associated with lower blood pressure and reduced hypertension in a high cardiovascular risk cohort. Cross-sectional study of the PREDIMED trial. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2013;23(10):944-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2012.07.008
  12. Park Y. Intakes of vegetables and related nutrients such as vitamin B complex, potassium, and calcium, are negatively correlated with risk of stroke in Korea. Nutrition research and practice. 2010;4(4):303-10. https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2010.4.4.303
  13. Zhang X, Shu XO, Xiang YB, Yang G, Li H, Gao J, Cai H, Gao YT, Zheng W. Cruciferous vegetable consumption is associated with a reduced risk of total and cardiovascular disease mortality. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2011;94(1):240-6. https://doi.org/10.3109/09637486.2012.690024
  14. Pollock RL. The effect of green leafy and cruciferous vegetable intake on the incidence of cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis. JRSM cardiovascular disease. 2016;5:2048004016661435. https://doi.org/10.3109/09637486.2012.690024
  15. Sesso HD, Wang L, Ridker PM, Buring JE. Tomato-based food products are related to clinically modest improvements in selected coronary biomarkers in women. The Journal of nutrition. 2012;142(2):326-33. https://doi.org/10.3109/09637486.2012.690024
  16. Khosravi-Boroujeni H, Mohammadifard N, Sarrafzadegan N, Sajjadi F, Maghroun M, Khosravi A, Alikhasi H, Rafieian M, Azadbakht L. Potato consumption and cardiovascular disease risk factors among Iranian population. International journal of food sciences and nutrition. 2012;63(8):913-20. https://doi.org/10.3109/09637486.2012.690024
  17. Takachi R, Inoue M, Shimazu T, Sasazuki S, Ishihara J, Sawada N, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Iso H, Tsubono Y, Tsugane S. Consumption of sodium and salted foods in relation to cancer and cardiovascular disease: the Japan Public Health Center–based Prospective Study. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2009;91(2):456-64. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0135380
  18. Sun Y, Jiang CQ, Cheng KK, Zhang WS, Leung GM, Lam TH, Schooling CM. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Older Chinese: The Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. PloS one. 2015;10(8):e0135380. https://doi.org/10. 1371/journal.pone.0135380
  19. Ioannidis JP. Implausible results in human nutrition research. BMJ. 2013;347:f6698. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f6698
  20. Micha R, Wallace SK, Mozaffarian D. Red and processed meat consumption and risk of incident coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circulation. 2010;121: 2271–2283. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIO NAHA .109.924977
  21. Azagba S, Sharaf MF. Disparities in the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption by socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics in Canada. Nutrition journal. 2011 Dec;10(1):118. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-10-118

How to Cite

Ridha, A., Hanim, D., & Suminah, S. (2019). Relationship between intake of fruits and vegetables toward hypertension among elderly in Yogyakarta. Bali Medical Journal, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v8i3.1483
ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

HTML
0

Total
18

Share

Search Panel

Alfan Ridha
Google Scholar
Pubmed
BMJ Journal

Diffah Hanim
Google Scholar
Pubmed
BMJ Journal

Suminah Suminah
Google Scholar
Pubmed
BMJ Journal